3.385 \(\int \frac{x^m}{1-3 x^4+x^8} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=117 \[ \frac{2 x^{m+1} \, _2F_1\left (1,\frac{m+1}{4};\frac{m+5}{4};\frac{2 x^4}{3-\sqrt{5}}\right )}{\sqrt{5} \left (3-\sqrt{5}\right ) (m+1)}-\frac{2 x^{m+1} \, _2F_1\left (1,\frac{m+1}{4};\frac{m+5}{4};\frac{2 x^4}{3+\sqrt{5}}\right )}{\sqrt{5} \left (3+\sqrt{5}\right ) (m+1)} \]

[Out]

(2*x^(1 + m)*Hypergeometric2F1[1, (1 + m)/4, (5 + m)/4, (2*x^4)/(3 - Sqrt[5])])/(Sqrt[5]*(3 - Sqrt[5])*(1 + m)
) - (2*x^(1 + m)*Hypergeometric2F1[1, (1 + m)/4, (5 + m)/4, (2*x^4)/(3 + Sqrt[5])])/(Sqrt[5]*(3 + Sqrt[5])*(1
+ m))

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.0646287, antiderivative size = 117, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 3, number of rules used = 2, integrand size = 16, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.125, Rules used = {1375, 364} \[ \frac{2 x^{m+1} \, _2F_1\left (1,\frac{m+1}{4};\frac{m+5}{4};\frac{2 x^4}{3-\sqrt{5}}\right )}{\sqrt{5} \left (3-\sqrt{5}\right ) (m+1)}-\frac{2 x^{m+1} \, _2F_1\left (1,\frac{m+1}{4};\frac{m+5}{4};\frac{2 x^4}{3+\sqrt{5}}\right )}{\sqrt{5} \left (3+\sqrt{5}\right ) (m+1)} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[x^m/(1 - 3*x^4 + x^8),x]

[Out]

(2*x^(1 + m)*Hypergeometric2F1[1, (1 + m)/4, (5 + m)/4, (2*x^4)/(3 - Sqrt[5])])/(Sqrt[5]*(3 - Sqrt[5])*(1 + m)
) - (2*x^(1 + m)*Hypergeometric2F1[1, (1 + m)/4, (5 + m)/4, (2*x^4)/(3 + Sqrt[5])])/(Sqrt[5]*(3 + Sqrt[5])*(1
+ m))

Rule 1375

Int[((d_.)*(x_))^(m_.)/((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^(n2_.) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_)), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]
}, Dist[c/q, Int[(d*x)^m/(b/2 - q/2 + c*x^n), x], x] - Dist[c/q, Int[(d*x)^m/(b/2 + q/2 + c*x^n), x], x]] /; F
reeQ[{a, b, c, d, m}, x] && EqQ[n2, 2*n] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && IGtQ[n, 0]

Rule 364

Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(a^p*(c*x)^(m + 1)*Hypergeometric2F1[-
p, (m + 1)/n, (m + 1)/n + 1, -((b*x^n)/a)])/(c*(m + 1)), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, m, n, p}, x] &&  !IGtQ[p, 0] &&
(ILtQ[p, 0] || GtQ[a, 0])

Rubi steps

\begin{align*} \int \frac{x^m}{1-3 x^4+x^8} \, dx &=\frac{\int \frac{x^m}{-\frac{3}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx}{\sqrt{5}}-\frac{\int \frac{x^m}{-\frac{3}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx}{\sqrt{5}}\\ &=\frac{2 x^{1+m} \, _2F_1\left (1,\frac{1+m}{4};\frac{5+m}{4};\frac{2 x^4}{3-\sqrt{5}}\right )}{\sqrt{5} \left (3-\sqrt{5}\right ) (1+m)}-\frac{2 x^{1+m} \, _2F_1\left (1,\frac{1+m}{4};\frac{5+m}{4};\frac{2 x^4}{3+\sqrt{5}}\right )}{\sqrt{5} \left (3+\sqrt{5}\right ) (1+m)}\\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [C]  time = 0.171662, size = 191, normalized size = 1.63 \[ \frac{1}{4} x^{m+1} \left (-\frac{x^2 \text{RootSum}\left [\text{$\#$1}^4-\text{$\#$1}^2-1\& ,\frac{\, _2F_1\left (1,m+3;m+4;\frac{x}{\text{$\#$1}}\right )}{\text{$\#$1}^2+2}\& \right ]}{m+3}-\frac{x^2 \text{RootSum}\left [\text{$\#$1}^4+\text{$\#$1}^2-1\& ,\frac{\, _2F_1\left (1,m+3;m+4;\frac{x}{\text{$\#$1}}\right )}{\text{$\#$1}^2-2}\& \right ]}{m+3}+\frac{\text{RootSum}\left [\text{$\#$1}^4-\text{$\#$1}^2-1\& ,\frac{\, _2F_1\left (1,m+1;m+2;\frac{x}{\text{$\#$1}}\right )}{\text{$\#$1}^2+2}\& \right ]}{m+1}-\frac{\text{RootSum}\left [\text{$\#$1}^4+\text{$\#$1}^2-1\& ,\frac{\, _2F_1\left (1,m+1;m+2;\frac{x}{\text{$\#$1}}\right )}{\text{$\#$1}^2-2}\& \right ]}{m+1}\right ) \]

Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.

[In]

Integrate[x^m/(1 - 3*x^4 + x^8),x]

[Out]

(x^(1 + m)*(RootSum[-1 - #1^2 + #1^4 & , Hypergeometric2F1[1, 1 + m, 2 + m, x/#1]/(2 + #1^2) & ]/(1 + m) - (x^
2*RootSum[-1 - #1^2 + #1^4 & , Hypergeometric2F1[1, 3 + m, 4 + m, x/#1]/(2 + #1^2) & ])/(3 + m) - RootSum[-1 +
#1^2 + #1^4 & , Hypergeometric2F1[1, 1 + m, 2 + m, x/#1]/(-2 + #1^2) & ]/(1 + m) - (x^2*RootSum[-1 + #1^2 + #
1^4 & , Hypergeometric2F1[1, 3 + m, 4 + m, x/#1]/(-2 + #1^2) & ])/(3 + m)))/4

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Maple [F]  time = 0.017, size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int{\frac{{x}^{m}}{{x}^{8}-3\,{x}^{4}+1}}\, dx \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(x^m/(x^8-3*x^4+1),x)

[Out]

int(x^m/(x^8-3*x^4+1),x)

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Maxima [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{x^{m}}{x^{8} - 3 \, x^{4} + 1}\,{d x} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^m/(x^8-3*x^4+1),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate(x^m/(x^8 - 3*x^4 + 1), x)

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Fricas [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*}{\rm integral}\left (\frac{x^{m}}{x^{8} - 3 \, x^{4} + 1}, x\right ) \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^m/(x^8-3*x^4+1),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

integral(x^m/(x^8 - 3*x^4 + 1), x)

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Sympy [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{x^{m}}{\left (x^{4} - x^{2} - 1\right ) \left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}\, dx \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x**m/(x**8-3*x**4+1),x)

[Out]

Integral(x**m/((x**4 - x**2 - 1)*(x**4 + x**2 - 1)), x)

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Giac [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{x^{m}}{x^{8} - 3 \, x^{4} + 1}\,{d x} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^m/(x^8-3*x^4+1),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

integrate(x^m/(x^8 - 3*x^4 + 1), x)